F
Fire
Rechsand
Oil Sand Innovations
The original source of all energy on earth is the Sun. Locked within the decaying organic matter trapped a mile or more below the earth’s surface, the crude oil molecule contains the highest concentration of potential thermal energy of any naturally occurring substance. Refined, it is the singular material making modern life possible. This molecule, which can be transformed into everything from clothing, to medicine, to building materials, and even human body parts, is so very versatile, it is almost a shame to burn it as fuel. This miracle molecule is not without its drawbacks, of course. Therefore, it is inherent upon us to use this gift wisely and prudently.
Rechsand oleophobic, oleophilic and hydrophobic sands have many applications in the petroleum industry. Rechsand petroleum sand products can be efficiently and effectively applied anywhere where oil and water may come in contact. Rechsand oil sands serve to:
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Contain and mitigate water and soil contamination
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Increase crude conductivity, extraction and recovery
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Decrease use of fracking chemicals
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Reduce frictional resistance of the fracturing fluid
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Reduce equipment wear
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Improve crude oil seepage capacity
WATER
ZERO
NET
Increase Productivity
Reduce Cost and Pollution
Rechsand and
Hydraulic Fracturing
Improved yields of 15%-50% can be expected,
while reducing or eliminating fracturing fluid costs and contamination
(Roll curser over diagram for more information)
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Self-suspending Rechsand is neutrally buoyant in water and is easily transported down the wellbore. Self-suspending Rechsand requires far lower amounts of lubricating chemicals.
Crude is attracted to oleophilic Rechsand. Oil “sticks” to the sand for efficient transport to the surface.
This sand effectively and effciently separates the oil from the water, leaving the groundwater less suceptible to contamination, all while making recovery of the crude oil easier. the oil.
Exhaustive environmental analysis and testing for heavy metals and biological toxicity in drilling fluid has concluded that Rechsand FSS sands have no toxic side effects.
Depending on the well conditions or containment operation, Rechsand has different sand nanocoatings:
FSS Type I:
High strength,
low density proppant
FSS Type II:
Control,
Containment
FSS Type III: Hydrophobic,
Oleophobic
FSS Type IV:
Gas-permeable
FSS Type V:
Bouyant neutral,
Self-suspending
Rechsand Use in Hydraulic Fracturing
Hydraulic fracturing dominates much of the United States’ energy production. The advancement of this technology is a major economic driver and has allowed the United States to achieve strategic energy independence.
Hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") is a process of extracting petroleum by breaking shale rock and bringing the gas and oil trapped within to the surface. Fracking involves creating breaks within the shale rock layer with small, controlled underground explosions and then forcing gas and oil to the surface. Fracking fluid, a mixture of water, lubricating chemicals and proppant–typically conventional sand to "prop" open the fractures–is forced down the wellbore and into the deep-rock fissures. Large pumps on the surface force the fluid into the well until the pressure is high enough to exceed the breaking point of the surrounding rocks. When the hydraulic pressure is removed from the well, the proppant is carried deep into the fractures by the sudden rush of water. Grains of this proppant remain in the resulting cracks in the rock and hold the fractures open, which allow the natural gas and crude to flow past. A few thousand tons of frac sand are needed to stimulate a single well. Once a well is stimulated, it can produce oil for an estimated 20 to 40 years. Fracking can also be used to re-stimulate previously dry wells.
Each well site is different and can require different combinations of proppant sand to coax petroleum from the shale layer.
Fusheng Sand
Type I
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High strength
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Low density
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Low friction
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Acid and alkali resistance
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Long-term conductivity
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Low frictional resistance
Replace ceramsite
Reduce fracturing fluid cost
High Strength Rechsand Fusheng FSS Type I
Name: Ren Chongfu Shengsha I type
Advantages: High strength, low density, low friction, acid and alkali resistance, long-term conductivity and other advantages.
Fusheng sand FFS I effectively:
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Reduces the wear of the proppant on the column, sandblaster, elbow and other equipment
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Improves the scale of downhole reconstruction
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Reduces operating costs
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Shortens the construction period
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Reduces the risk of engineering accidents
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Improves the overall scale of horizontal well reconstruction
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Provides excellent long-term conductivity
Type I Case Study
Changshen D Well 2 | Jilin Oilfield
In 2010, the selected 105MPa high-strength and low-density Rechsand, resulted in many firsts:
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Deepest gas wells in horizontal wells having the highest number of fracturing stages (10 segments)
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Greatest single-well total fracturing scale (838m3 )
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Greatest single-stage fracturing scale (116m3).
Long-term oil conductivity is 20% higher than ceramsite.
Test results commissioned by Chinese University of Petroleum have shown that Rechsand sand has better long-term oil conductivity than ceramsite.
Excellent acid resistance:
VS.
Ceramsite sand after soaking in soil acid solution for 24 hours.
Rechsand FSS I after soaking in soil acid solution for 24 hours.
VS.
Low frictional resistance:
Daqing X-230 well: Ceramsite blasting port wear (45m3)
Daqing X-231 Jiafu: Sand blasting port wear (145m3)
High pressure resistance:
Intensity Comparison
Quartz sand (28MPa)
Ceramsite sand (69MPa)
Resin coated sand (69MPa)
Rechsand (69MPa)
Test conditions: 2% KCl solution, 80 °C, 180 days
Quartz sand: 28MPa; ceramsite, resin-coated sand, Fusheng sand: 69MPa
Nanocoated sand is a physical resin coating method surrounding the surface of the grains of sand. Although this method can also improve the strength of the resin-coated sand to a certain extent, generally, the high pressure resistance is poor. At 69 MPa, its surface film coating begins to peel off and the crushing ability decreases. However, Rechsand uses patented physical and chemical methods to change the molecular structure of the surface of the sand grains to form a kind of "eggshell" around each grain. These "eggshells" greatly improve the crushing resistance of Rechsand nanocoated sands. The breaking rate at 69MPa is significantly lower than that of ceramsite.
Rechsand Fusheng FSS Type II
Name: Ren Chongfu Shengsha II
Features: Downhole consolidation, sand control, anti-reflexion, caudal fracturing.
The product has a downhole consolidation function for sand control, anti-backflow and tail-flicking. It can be consolidated under the formation of 25-150 °C, the strength is ≥10MPa, the temperature resistance is ≥300°C, and the larger porosity can be ensured after consolidation.
FSS–II–NS (acid resistant)
The fracturing tail chasing application of many oil fields such as Karamay, Tuha, Jilin and Qinghai has a construction success rate of 100%.
FSS-II-NJ (alkali resistance type)
The product was developed by Daqing Oilfield and can be consolidated in a strong alkaline environment. It is the world's first and successfully solved the sand control problem of the ternary composite flooding injection and production wells in Daqing Oilfield.
Since 2008, FSS III has been used in 68 wells in field tests:
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Water control efficiency is 95%
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Average daily oil increase is 3.8t
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Water usage cut by 9.3%
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Average effective period is 9.8 months
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Cumulative oil increase is 1117t
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Total cumulative oil increase is 75970t
Rechsand Oleophilic/Hydrophobic Fusheng FSS Type III
Features: Oleophilic and hydrophobic, oil absorbing and water blocking
Uses: Selective penetration, oil control and water control under pressure.
This oil-absorbing, water-blocking proppant hinders water passage. The surface modification improves proppant functionality to selectively conduct oil and water.
Fusheng Sand III Daqing Oilfield Case Study :
Three wells were tested in the Sulige area (Su 371, Su 373, Tong 43). The average wellhead output of the test gas was 2.21×104 m3/d, and the daily production water was 8.2m3/d. Water control and gas production were significantly improved to measurable economic benefit.
Rechsand Gas-Permeable/Hydrophobic Fusheng FSS Type IV
Features: Gas-permeable, water-impermeable
Uses: Maintain water conductivity while effectively controlling water.
This gas-permeable and water blocking characteristics of this proppant is enhanced by modifying the surface interface modification to increase the surface tension of water, boost gas wettability, and escalate gas permeability and water blocking in the wellbore.
Fusheng Sand Type IV Case Study:
Three wells were tested in the Sulige area (Su 371, Su 373, Tong 43). The average wellhead output of the test gas was 2.21×104 m3/d, and the daily production water was 8.2m3/d. Water control and gas production were significantly improved to measurable economic benefit.
Rechsand “Self-suspending” Fusheng Sand FSS Type V
Sand treated with this Rechsand nanocoating is buoyant neutral in water. Conventional frac sand and other proppants require the addition of different lubricating chemicals to ease the movement of the proppant down the borewell. Patented Rechsand buoyant neutral sand easily floats in the frac water, greatly improving the fracturing process. With a self-suspending proppant present, there is much less, or, in most instances no need for the use of expensive and harmful fracturing fluids and added organic polymers. Readily available natural water can be used for fracturing. Using FSS V reduces both cost and pollution.
FSS Ⅴ proppant is coated with a layer of water-soluble material on the outer layer of the proppant sand grains. After 1 minute, 22 seconds of exposure to water, this coating swells. and forms a stable hydration layer around the proppant core. The sand becomes balanced with the proppant's gravity in the water. Self-suspending sand is then 93.80% buoyant in frac water, thus greatly reducing the frictional resistance while providing the same or better performance as fracturing fluids which depend on chemicals.
The FSS Ⅴ sand can be directly injected into the oil and gas layer through the fracturing device, eliminating the need for the guar gum material used with conventional frac sand, thereby reducing water pollution and saving operating costs. Self-suspeding sand easily transports into the borewell and is similarly easy to backflow.
FSS V: "Little Life Jackets" for Sand Particles:
After about 90 seconds in water, the nanocoating on FSS V swells, creating a little "life jacket" around each grain of sand. The grains of sand become bouyant neutral and float easily in frac water.
FSS V provides the same or better performance compared to conventional proppant used in combination with lubricating chemicals.
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Productivity increased • Costs reduced
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Chemical pollution eliminated
Compared to ceramsite proppant, experiments show that when using self-suspending FSS Ⅴ proppant,
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Fracture support height is increased by 42%
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Crack length is increased by 31%
Therefore, the effective support volume (ESRV) is increased by 86%.
The single well production of shale oil and shale gas wells is expected to increase by more than 50%.
